When was the fisrt gay confersion thrapy practaced
1. Executive summary
1.1 Background
The UK government has committed to exploring legislative and non-legislative options for finish so-called ‘conversion therapy’.
In this report the term ‘conversion therapy’ is used to refer to any efforts to alter, modify or supress a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity regardless of whether it takes place in a healthcare, religious or other setting.
The aim of this explore was to refine understanding of the practice and to address the monitoring 4 questions:
- What forms does conversion therapy take?
- Who experiences conversion therapy and why?
- What are the outcomes of conversion therapy?
- What measures have been taken to finish conversion therapy around the world?
To retort questions 1 to 3, we carried out a rapid evidence assessment of research published from January 2000 to June 2020. We identified 46 published studies. Most of the evidence was specifically focused on conversion therapy aimed at changing sexual orientation, with only 5 articles that specifically addressed conversion therapy to alter gender identity.
We also carried out a qualitative study to gather evidence on the experiences of people in the UK who had
What is conversion therapy and when will it be banned?
Plans to outlaw so-called conversion therapy in England and Wales have been announced in The King's Speech.
The Labour government wants to ban what it calls "abusive" practices intended to alter people's sexual orientation or their gender identity.
What is conversion therapy?
According to the British Psychological Society (BPS), conversion therapy - sometimes called "reparative therapy" or "gay fix therapy" - tries to change someone's sexual orientation or gender identity.
In practice, it means trying to halt or suppress someone from being lgbtq+, or from naming as a distinct gender to their sex recorded at birth.
It can include talking therapies and prayer, but more extreme forms can include exorcism, physical violence and food deprivation.
The BPS and other professional bodies, including NHS England and the Royal College of Psychiatrists, possess warned that all types of conversion therapy are "unethical and potentially harmful".
What is the government doing about conversion therapy?
The brand-new Labour government has said it wil
Gay Conversion Therapy’s Disturbing 19th-Century Origins
For the people who underwent conversion therapy, shame and pain were an undeniable part of the process. “I read books and listened to audiotapes about how to possess a ‘corrective and healing relationship with Jesus Christ,’” writes James Guay, a queer man who attended weekly therapy and conversion seminars as a teen. “These materials talked about how the “gay lifestyle” would create disease, depravity and misery. I was convinced that doing what I was told would modify my attractions—and confused about why these methods supposedly worked for others but not for me.”
In some cases, people were psychologically and even sexually abused. Others committed suicide after “treatment.” Meanwhile, evidence that any of the techniques were effective remained nonexistent.
Though the concept of gay conversion still exists today, a growing tide has turned against the practice. Today, 13 states and the District of Columbia have laws that ban gay conversion therapy practices. Victims of facilities like JONAH, or Jews Offering New Alternatives for Healing, brought lawsuits for fraud. And Exodus International, an umbrella group that connec
It is dangerous to be different, and certain kinds of difference are especially risky. Race, disability, and sexuality are among the many ways people are socially marked that can make them vulnerable. The museum recently collected materials to document gay-conversion therapy (also called "reparative therapy")—and these objects allow curators like myself to investigate how real people encounter these risks. With the help of the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C., Garrard Conley gave us the workbook he used in 2004 at a now defunct religious gay-conversion camp in Tennessee, called "Love in Action." We also received materials from John Smid, who was camp director. Conley's memoir of his time there, Boy Erased, chronicles how the camp's conversion therapy followed the idea that being gay was an addiction that could be treated with methods similar to those for abating drug, alcohol, gambling, and other addictions. While there, Conley spiraled into depression and suicidal thoughts. Conley eventually escaped. Smid eventually left Love in Activity and married a man.
In the United States, responses to gay, homosexual, gender non-conforming, lesbian, bisexual, transsexual, and gender non-conforming
Conversion Therapy and LGBT Youth
Polling also indicates that many people do not deliberate conversion therapy is effective; only 8% of respondents to a 2014 national poll said they mind conversion therapy could modify a person’s sexual orientation from gay to straight.
Current Laws
Conversion Therapy by Licensed Health Care Professionals
As of June 2019, 18 states and the District of Columbia had passed statutes limiting the use of conversion therapy: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, D.C., Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Hampshire, Novel Jersey, New Mexico, Recent York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington. The laws protect youth under age 18 from receiving conversion therapy from licensed mental health care providers. California was the first state to pass a conversion therapy ban in 2012. Four states—Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, and New York—passed bans in 2019. In addition, a number of cities and counties in states without statewide bans have passed bans at the local level.
All of the state statutory bans allow licensing entities to discipline health care providers who use conversion therapy on youth under age 18. Under Con